Hydrochloric Acid

1Identification

Name

Hydrochloric Acid

IUPAC name

chlorane

CAS number

7647-01-0

EC number

231-595-7

Molecular formula

ClH

Molecular weight

36.46 g/mol

InChIKey

VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

SMILES

Cl

PubChem CID

313

Synonyms

hydrochloric acid, hydrogen chloride, Muriatic acid, chlorane, Chlorohydric acid, Anhydrous hydrochloric acid, Acide chlorhydrique, Chlorwasserstoff, Muriaticum acidum, Chloorwaterstof, Chlorowodor, Hydrogen chloride (HCl), Acido cloridrico, Aqueous hydrogen chloride

Recommended uses

• Hydrochloric acid is used in the production of chlorides, for refining ore in the production of tin and tantalum, for pickling and cleaning of metal products, in electroplating, in removing scale from boilers, for the neutralization of basic systems, as a laboratory reagent, as a catalyst and solvent in organic syntheses, in the manufacture of fertilizers and dyes, for hydrolyzing starch and proteins in the preparation of various food products, and in the photographic, textile, and rubber industries.
  EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants
• Sold as muriatic acid for a variety of household and construction purposes, e.g., scale remover; used to clean, pickle, and electroplate metal; also used in oil well activation, ore reduction, leather tanning, swimming pool cleaning, and refining of edible oils; [ACGIH] Used as a wet etchant in semiconductor manufacturing at a standard concentration of 36%; [CSH, p. 46]
  Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
• Acid and Alkali Cleaning of Metals [Category: Clean] Electroplating [Category: Plate] Petroleum Production and Refining [Category: Industry] Semiconductor Manufacturing [Category: Industry] Firefighting [Category: Other] Leather Tanning and Processing [Category: Industry] Photographic Processing [Category: Other] Fur Dressing and Dyeing [Category: Industry] Welding Over Coatings [Category: Weld] Burning Synthetic Polymers [Category: Burn] Metal Extraction and Refining [Category: Industry]
  Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
• Catalyst Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Diluent Emulsifier Cleaning agent Oxidizing agent Solids separation (precipitating) agent, not otherwise specified Chelating agent Drier Etching agent Pigment Processing aids, specific to petroleum production Intermediate Other Solvent Anti-freeze agent Plating agent Bleaching agent pH regulating agent Solubility enhancer Processing aids not otherwise specified Semiconductor and photovoltaic agent Surfactant (surface active agent)
  EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)
• Intermediate Processing aids, specific to petroleum production Pigment Etching agent Laboratory chemicals Surface modifier Cleaning agent Not Known or Reasonably Ascertainable Semiconductor and photovoltaic agent Processing aids not otherwise specified pH regulating agent Plating agent Solvent Other
  EPA Chemical Data Reporting (CDR)

Use categories: Chemical Classes -> Inorganic substances · EPA Safer Chemical Functional Use Classes -> Processing Aids and Additives · Safer Chemical Classes -> Yellow triangle - The chemical has met Safer Choice Criteria for its functional ingredient-class, but has some hazard profile issues · Food additives

Description

• At room temperature, hydrogen chloride is a colorless to slightly yellow, corrosive, nonflammable gas that is heavier than air and has a strong irritating odor. On exposure to air, hydrogen chloride forms dense white corrosive vapors. Hydrogen chloride can be released from volcanoes. Hydrogen chloride has many uses, including cleaning, pickling, electroplating metals, tanning leather, and refining and producing a wide variety of products. Hydrogen chloride can be formed during the burning of many plastics. Upon contact with water, it forms hydrochloric acid. Both hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid are corrosive.
  Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
• Hydrochloric acid, solution is a colorless watery liquid with a sharp, irritating odor. Consists of hydrogen chloride, a gas, dissolved in water. Sinks and mixes with water. Produces irritating vapor. (USCG, 1999)
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous appears as a colorless gas with a sharp, pungent odor. Fumes strongly in moist air. Nonflammable. Corrosive to metals and tissues and irritating to the eyes and respiratory system. Heavier than air. Long-term inhalation of low concentrations or short-term inhalation of high concentrations has adverse health effects. Prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat may result in the violent rupture and rocketing of the container. Used in the manufacture of rubber, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and in gasoline refining and metals processing.
  CAMEO Chemicals

2Hazard identification

Signal word

Danger

Pictograms

GHS04, GHS05, GHS06

Classification source

Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council

Precautionary statements

Other reported classifications

8 classification records exist across sources. Differences usually reflect purity, physical form or impurities.

Health hazards

• Inhalation of fumes results in coughing and choking sensation, and irritation of nose and lungs. Liquid causes burns. (USCG, 1999)
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Gas concentrations of 50 to 100 ppm are tolerable for 1 hour. Concentrations of 1,000 to 2,000 ppm are dangerous, even for brief exposures. More severe exposures will result in serious respiratory distress and prolonged exposures will result in death. Mists of hydrochloric acid are considered less harmful than anhydrous hydrochloric acid, because droplets have no dehydrating action. Individuals with respiratory problems and digestive diseases may be adversely affected by low level exposures to the gas or mist. (EPA, 1998)
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Excerpt from ERG Guide 125 [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]: TOXIC and/or CORROSIVE; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Vapors are extremely irritating and corrosive. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause environmental contamination. (ERG, 2024)
  CAMEO Chemicals

Fire hazards

• Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic and irritating vapors are generated when heated. (USCG, 1999)
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Fire may produce irritating or poisonous gases. Containers may explode in heat of fire. At high temperatures, it decomposes into hydrogen and chlorine. The following materials should be avoided: Mercuric sulfate -- violent reaction with gaseous hydrochloric acid at 250F. Sodium -- reacts vigorously with gaseous hydrochloric acid. Acetic anhydride, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, oleum, propiolactone, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and vinyl acetate -- increase in temperature and pressure when mixed with hydrochloric acid. Calcium phosphide -- energetic reaction with hydrochloric acid.
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Excerpt from ERG Guide 125 [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]: Some may burn but none ignite readily. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Some of these materials may react violently with water. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release toxic and/or corrosive gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket. For UN1005: Anhydrous ammonia, at high concentrations in confined spaces, presents a flammability risk if a source of ignition is introduced. (ERG, 2024)
  CAMEO Chemicals

Hazards summary

• At room temperature, hydrogen chloride is a colorless to slightly yellow, corrosive, nonflammable gas that is heavier than air and has a strong irritating odor. On exposure to air, hydrogen chloride forms dense white corrosive vapors. Hydrogen chloride can be released from volcanoes. Hydrogen chloride has many uses, including cleaning, pickling, electroplating metals, tanning leather, and refining and producing a wide variety of products. Hydrogen chloride can be formed during the burning of many plastics. Upon contact with water, it forms hydrochloric acid. Both hydrogen chloride and hydrochloric acid are corrosive.
  Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)
• Hydrochloric acid has many uses. It is used in the production of chlorides, fertilizers, and dyes, in electroplating, and in the photographic, textile, and rubber industries. Hydrochloric acid is corrosive to the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure may cause eye, nose, and respiratory tract irritation and inflammation and pulmonary edema in humans. Acute oral exposure may cause corrosion of the mucous membranes, esophagus, and stomach and dermal contact may produce severe burns, ulceration, and scarring in humans.
  EPA Hazardous Air Pollutants

3Composition / information on ingredients

This page describes the pure substance. Commercial products may be solutions or mixtures. Check Section 3 of your supplier's SDS for concentrations and other ingredients.

4First-aid measures

• INHALATION: remove person to fresh air; keep him warm and quiet and get medical attention immediately; start artificial respiration if breathing stops. INGESTION: have person drink water or milk; do NOT induce vomiting. EYES: immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 15 min. and get medical attention; continue flushing for another 15 min. if physician does not arrive promptly. SKIN: immediately flush skin while removing contaminated clothing; get medical attention promptly; use soap and wash area for at least 15 min. (USCG, 1999)
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Warning: Hydrogen chloride is extremely corrosive. Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Hydrogen Chloride Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute ingestion of hydrogen chloride may be severe and include salivation, intense thirst, difficulty in swallowing, chills, pain, and shock. Oral, esophageal, and stomach burns are common. Vomitus generally has a coffee-ground appearance. The potential for circulatory collapse is high following ingestion of hydrogen chloride. Acute inhalation exposure of hydrogen chloride may result in sneezing, hoarseness, choking, laryngitis, and respiratory tract irritation.
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Hydrogen chloride: Eye: • IRRIGATE IMMEDIATELY (SOLUTION) - If this chemical in solution contacts the eyes, immediately wash (irrigate) the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. • FROSTBITE - If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately; if tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.
  CAMEO Chemicals
• General First Aid: · Call 911 or emergency medical service. · Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, take precautions to protect themselves and avoid contamination. · Move victim to fresh air if it can be done safely. · Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. · If victim is not breathing: -- DO NOT perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation; the victim may have ingested or inhaled the substance. -- If equipped and pulse detected, wash face and mouth, then give artificial respiration using a proper respiratory medical device (bag-valve mask, pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other device).
  Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)

Symptoms of exposure

• Cough. Sore throat. Burning sensation. Shortness of breath. Laboured breathing.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
• Redness. Pain. Serious skin burns. ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
• Redness. Pain. Blurred vision. Severe burns. ON CONTACT WITH LIQUID: FROSTBITE.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

5Fire-fighting measures

• Suitable extinguishing media: Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Advice for firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus for firefighting if necessary.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Extinguish fire using agent suitable for surrounding fire. /Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous hydrogen chloride, refrigerated liquid/
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Hazardous combustion products

• Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture: Hydrogen chloride gas
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

6Accidental release measures

Isolation and evacuation

• Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area in all directions for at least 50 meters (150 feet) for liquids and at least 25 meters (75 feet) for solids. SPILL: Increase the immediate precautionary measure distance, in the downwind direction, as necessary. FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 800 meters (1/2 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Excerpt from ERG Guide 125 [Gases - Toxic and/or Corrosive]: IMMEDIATE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURE: Isolate spill or leak area for at least 100 meters (330 feet) in all directions. SPILL: See ERG Tables 1 and 3 - Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances on the UN/NA 1050 datasheet. FIRE: If tank, rail tank car or highway tank is involved in a fire, ISOLATE for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions; also, consider initial evacuation for 1600 meters (1 mile) in all directions. (ERG, 2024)
  CAMEO Chemicals

Spill cleanup

• Evacuate danger area! Consult an expert! Personal protection: gas-tight chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. Ventilation. Remove gas with fine water spray.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
• Accidental release measures. Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures: Wear respiratory protection. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation. Evacuate personnel to safe areas.; Environmental precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.; Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up: Clean up promptly by sweeping or vacuum.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• If hydrogen chloride gas is leaked ... 1. Ventilate area of leak to disperse gas. 2. Stop flow of gas. If source of leak is a cylinder and the leak cannot be stopped in place, remove the leaking cylinder to a safe place in the open air, and repair the leak or allow the cylinder to empty. If soln of hydrogen chloride is spilled ... 1. Collect or confine spilled material in the most convenient and safe manner. 2. If possible, reclaim the spilled material. If this is not possible; 3. Dilute and/or neutralize and dispose of in a secured sanitary landfill. /Hydrogen chloride gas/
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Spills in Water: Sodium bicarbonate is recommended as an in situ neutralizing agent. /Hydrochloric acid/
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

7Handling and storage

• Cool. Fireproof if in building. Separated from food and feedstuffs and incompatible materials. See Chemical Dangers. Keep in a well-ventilated room.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
• Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Storage class (TRGS 510): Gases
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Separate from oxidizing materials, organic materials, and alkalies. /Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous hydrogen chloride, refrigerated liquid/
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Store in a dry place no lower in tersperature than 50 °F or higher than 120 °F. /Emulso Germicidal Bowl Cleaner Disinfectant/
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

8Exposure controls / personal protection

Personal protective equipment

• Excerpt from ERG Guide 157 [Substances - Toxic and/or Corrosive (Non-Combustible / Water-Sensitive)]: Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Wear chemical protective clothing that is specifically recommended by the manufacturer when there is NO RISK OF FIRE. Structural firefighters' protective clothing provides thermal protection but only limited chemical protection. (ERG, 2024)
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Excerpt from NIOSH Pocket Guide for Hydrogen chloride: Skin: • PREVENT SKIN CONTACT (SOLUTION) - If this chemical is in solution, wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent skin contact. • FROSTBITE - Compressed gases may create low temperatures when they expand rapidly. Leaks and uses that allow rapid expansion may cause a frostbite hazard. Wear appropriate personal protective clothing to prevent the skin from becoming frozen. Eyes: • PREVENT EYE CONTACT - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact. • FROSTBITE - Wear appropriate eye protection to prevent eye contact with the liquid that could result in burns or tissue damage from frostbite.
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Eye/face protection: Tightly fitting safety goggles. Faceshield (8-inch minimum). Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Handle with gloves.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Respirator recommendations

• NIOSH/OSHA Up to 50 ppm: (APF = 10) Any chemical cartridge respirator with cartridge(s) providing protection against the compound of concern* (APF = 50) Any air-purifying, full-facepiece respirator (gas mask) with a chin-style, front- or back-mounted canister providing protection against the compound of concern (APF = 25) Any powered, air-purifying respirator with cartridge(s) providing protection against the compound of concern* (APF = 10) Any supplied-air respirator* (APF = 50) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece Emergency or planned entry into unknown concentrations or IDLH conditions: (APF = 10,000) Any self-contained breathing apparatus that has a full facepiece…
  The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

9Physical and chemical properties

10Stability and reactivity

Reactivity

• HYDROCHLORIC ACID is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride, an acidic gas. Reacts exothermically with organic bases (amines, amides) and inorganic bases (oxides and hydroxides of metals). Reacts exothermically with carbonates (including limestone and building materials containing limestone) and hydrogen carbonates to generate carbon dioxide. Reacts with sulfides, carbides, borides, and phosphides to generate toxic or flammable gases. Reacts with many metals (including aluminum, zinc, calcium, magnesium, iron, tin and all of the alkali metals) to generate flammable hydrogen gas.
  CAMEO Chemicals
• HYDROGEN CHLORIDE, ANHYDROUS is an anhydrous (no water) strong acid. Reacts rapidly and exothermically with bases of all kinds (including amines and amides). Reacts exothermically with carbonates (including limestone and building materials containing limestone) and hydrogen carbonates to generate carbon dioxide. Reacts with sulfides, carbides, borides, and phosphides to generate toxic or flammable gases. Reacts with many metals (including aluminum, zinc, calcium, magnesium, iron, tin and all of the alkali metals) to generate flammable hydrogen gas.
  CAMEO Chemicals
• An aqueous solution. Dilution may generate heat. Fumes in air.
  CAMEO Chemicals

Incompatible materials and hazardous reactions

• The aqueous solution is a strong acid. Corrosive fumes emitted on contact with air. Reacts violently with bases, oxidizers forming toxic chlorine gas. Reacts, often violently, with acetic anhydride, active metals, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, aromatic amines, amides, 2-aminoethanol, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, calcium phosphide, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, epichlorohydrin, isocyanates, metal acetylides, oleum, organic anhydrides, perchloric acid, 3-propiolactone, uranium phosphide, sulfuric acid, vinyl acetate, vinylidene fluoride. Highly corrosive to most metals, forming flammable hydrogen gas. Attacks some plastics, rubber, and coatings.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Hydrochloric acid and hydrogen chloride react violently with many metals, with the generation of highly flammable hydrogen gas, which may explode. Reaction with oxidizers such as permanganates, chlorates, chlorites, and hypochlorites may produce chlorine or bromine gas.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Anhydrous hydrogen chloride is rapidly absorbed in water to form corrosive hydrochloric acid. Aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions are quite reactive. Reacts vigorously with alkalies and with many organic materials. Strong oxidizing materials cause release of chlorine. /Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous hydrogen chloride, refrigerated liquid/
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Chemical stability

• Stable under recommended storage conditions.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

11Toxicological information

Target organs

• Respiratory
  EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
• Eyes, skin, respiratory system
  The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)

Short-term exposure effects

• Rapid evaporation of the liquid may cause frostbite. The substance is corrosive to the eyes, skin and respiratory tract. Inhalation of this gas may cause asthma-like reactions (RADS). Exposure could cause asphyxiation due to swelling in the throat. Inhalation of high concentrations may cause lung oedema, but only after initial corrosive effects on the eyes and the upper respiratory tract have become manifest. Inhalation of high concentrations may cause pneumonitis.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Long-term exposure effects

• Repeated or prolonged inhalation may cause effects on the teeth. This may result in tooth erosion. The substance may have effects on the upper respiratory tract and lungs. This may result in chronic inflammation of the respiratory tract and reduced lung function . Mists of this strong inorganic acid are carcinogenic to humans.
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

12Ecological information

Not available in the public sources we compile. Check Section 12 of the supplier's SDS.

13Disposal considerations

• Generators of waste (equal to or greater than 100 kg/mo) containing this contaminant, EPA hazardous waste number D002, must conform with USEPA regulations in storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Product: Contact a licensed professional waste disposal service to dispose of this material. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Contaminated packaging: Dispose of as unused product.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

14Transport information

UN numbers: UN 1050, UN 1789, UN 2186

Shipping name

• UN 1050; Hydrogen chloride, anhydrous
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• UN 1789; Hydrochloric acid
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

DOT hazard class

• Hydrochloric acid
  US Code of Federal Regulations, Hazardous Materials, 49 CFR Part 172
• UN1789
  US Code of Federal Regulations, Hazardous Materials, 49 CFR Part 172
• Class 8 Corrosive material (49 eCFR § 173.136)
  US Code of Federal Regulations, Hazardous Materials, 49 CFR Part 172

DOT label

• Corrosive
  CAMEO Chemicals
• Poison Gas Corrosive
  CAMEO Chemicals

UN classification

• UN Hazard Class: 2.3; UN Subsidiary Risks: 8
  ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

Emergency Response Guidebook

• 1789 157
  Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)
• 2186 125
  Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)

How DOT hazard classes work →

15Regulatory information

• Listed as a hazardous air pollutant (HAP) generally known or suspected to cause serious health problems. The Clean Air Act, as amended in 1990, directs EPA to set standards requiring major sources to sharply reduce routine emissions of toxic pollutants. EPA is required to establish and phase in specific performance based standards for all air emission sources that emit one or more of the listed pollutants. Hydrochloric acid is included on this list.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Residues of hydrochloric acid are exempted from the requirement of a tolerance when used as a solvent, neutralizer in accordance with good agricultural practice as inert (or occasionally active) ingredients in pesticide formulations applied to growing crops or to raw agricultural commodities after harvest.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Based on the reviews of the generic data for the active ingredients mineral acids /including hydrochloric acid/, the Agency has sufficient information on the health effects of mineral acids and on its potential for causing adverse effects in fish and wildlife and the environment. Therefore, the Agency concludes that products, labeled and used as specified in this Reregistration Eligibility Decision, containing mineral acids for all uses except for the use of sulfuric acid on potato vines, are eligible for reregistration.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Hydrochloric acid is designated as a hazardous substance under section 311(b)(2)(A) of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act and further regulated by the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1977 and 1978. These regulations apply to discharges of this substance. This designation includes any isomers and hydrates, as well as any solutions and mixtures containing this substance.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Releases of CERCLA hazardous substances are subject to the release reporting requirement of CERCLA section 103, codified at 40 CFR part 302, in addition to the requirements of 40 CFR part 355. Hydrogen chloride (gas only) is an extremely hazardous substance (EHS) subject to reporting requirements when stored in amounts in excess of its threshold planning quantity (TPQ) of 500 lbs. /Gas form only/
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• D002; A solid waste containing hydrochloric acid may become characterized as a hazardous waste when subjected to testing for corrosivity as stipulated in 40 CFR 261.21, and if so characterized, must be managed as a hazardous waste.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
• Hydrochloric acid used as a buffer and neutralizing agent in animal drugs, feeds, and related products is generally recognized as safe when used in accordance with good manufacturing or feeding practice.
  Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

Overview of SDS regulations (OSHA HazCom, WHMIS, REACH/CLP) →

16Other information

Compiled from PubChem CID 313 and the sources it aggregates (attributed inline). Data retrieved 2026-10-12. This summary describes the pure substance and is not a supplier SDS.